PPL.VI.B — Navigation Systems and Radar Services

Objective: To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with navigation systems and radar services.

Knowledge

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• PA.VI.B.K1Ground-based navigation (orientation, course determination, equipment, tests, and regulations).
• PA.VI.B.K2Satellite-based navigation (e.g., equipment, regulations, database considerations, and limitations of satellite navigation).
• PA.VI.B.K3Radar assistance to VFR aircraft (e.g., operations, equipment, available services, traffic advisories).
• PA.VI.B.K4Transponder (Mode(s) A, C, and S).

Risk Management

The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess and mitigate risks, encompassing:

• PA.VI.A.R1Failure to manage automated navigation and autoflight systems.
• PA.VI.A.R2Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper task management
• PA.VI.A.R3Limitations of the navigation system in use.
• PA.VI.A.R4Loss of a navigation signal.

Skills

The applicant demonstrates the ability to:

• PA.VI.B.S1Use an airborne electronic navigation system.
• PA.VI.B.S2Determine the airplane’s position using the navigation system.
• PA.VI.B.S3Intercept and track a given course, radial, or bearing, as appropriate.
• PA.VI.B.S4Recognize and describe the indication of station or waypoint passage, if appropriate.
• PA.VI.B.S5Recognize signal loss or interference and take appropriate action, if applicable.
• PA.VI.B.S6Use proper communication procedures when utilizing radar services.
• PA.VI.B.S7Maintain the appropriate altitude ±200 feet and heading ±15°.