PPL.XI.A — Night Preparation

Objective: To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with night operations.

Knowledge

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• PA.XI.A.K1Physiological aspects of vision related to night flying.
• PA.XI.A.K2Lighting systems identifying airports, runways, taxiways and obstructions, as well as pilot controlled lighting.
• PA.XI.A.K3Airplane equipment and lighting requirements for night operations.
• PA.XI.A.K4Personal equipment essential for night flight.
• PA.XI.A.K5Night orientation, navigation, and chart reading techniques.

Risk Management

The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess and mitigate risks, encompassing:

• PA.XI.A.R1Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, and wires.
• PA.XI.A.R2Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper task management
• PA.XI.A.R3Hazards specific to night flying.