ATP.III.B — Normal Approach and Landing

Objective: To determine that the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a normal approach and landing.

Knowledge

The applicant demonstrates understanding of:

• AA.III.B.K1A stabilized approach, to include energy management concepts.
• AA.III.B.K2Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on approach and landing performance.
• AA.III.B.K3Wind correction techniques on approach and landing.
• AA.III.B.K4Runway markings and lighting.

Risk Management

The applicant demonstrates the ability to identify, assess and mitigate risks, encompassing:

• AA.III.B.R1Selection of a runway or approach path and touchdown area based on pilot capability, aircraft limitations, available distance, surface conditions, and wind.
• AA.III.B.R2Wake turbulence.
• AA.III.B.R3Go-Around/Rejected Landing
• AA.III.B.R4Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO)
• AA.III.B.R5Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, wires, vehicles, vessels, persons, and wildlife
• AA.III.B.R6Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT.
• AA.III.B.R7Distractions, loss of situational awareness, incorrect airport surface approach and landing, or improper task management.

Skills

The applicant demonstrates the ability to:

• AA.III.B.S1Coordinate with crew, if applicable, and complete the appropriate checklist(s).
• AA.III.B.S2Make radio calls as appropriate.
• AA.III.B.S3Maintain a ground track that ensures the desired traffic pattern will be flown taking into consideration obstructions and ATC or evaluator instructions.
• AA.III.B.S4Ensure the airplane is aligned with the correct/assigned runway or landing surface.
• AA.III.B.S5Scan runway or landing surface and adjoining area for traffic and obstructions.
• AA.III.B.S6Select a suitable touchdown point considering wind, landing surface, and obstructions.
• AA.III.B.S7Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed, ±5 knots, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach.
• AA.III.B.S9Make smooth, timely, and correct control application before, during, and after touchdown.
• AA.III.B.S10Touch down with the runway centerline between the main landing gear at the appropriate speed and pitch attitude at the runway aiming point markings -250/+500 feet, or where there are no runway markings 750 to 1,500 feet from the approach threshold of the runway. (ASEL, AMEL)
• AA.III.B.S11During round out and touchdown contact the water at the proper pitch attitude within 200 feet beyond a specified point (ASES, AMES). In addition, for AMES, the touchdown will be within the first one-third of the water landing area.
• AA.III.B.S12Decelerate to taxi speed (20 knots or less on dry pavement, 10 knots or less on contaminated pavement) to within the calculated landing distance plus 25% for the actual conditions with the runway centerline between the main landing gear. (At least one landing) (ASEL, AMEL)
• AA.III.B.S13Use spoilers, prop reverse, thrust reverse, wheel brakes, and other drag/braking devices, as appropriate to safely slow the airplane. (At least one landing to a full stop)
• AA.III.B.S14Execute a timely go-around if the approach cannot be made within the tolerances specified above or for any other condition that may result in an unsafe approach or landing.
• AA.III.B.S15Utilize runway incursion avoidance procedures.